I completely agree with your overall point, that objective primary outcome measures would have given more reliable results.
But the published protocol paper, published in 2007, long after they started planning and indeed doing the trial, does not list actigraphy as an outcome measure, only as a predictor.
In the Trial Management Group minutes in 2004-5, you can see they they did
consider whether or not they should make actigraphy not just a predictor, but also an outcome measure, and opted not to for well-dodgy reasons.
It was noted that the Dutch study by Bleijenberg and colleagues reported that actigraphy was not a good outcome measure since the majority of patients are reasonably active and there is no change in this in spite of improvement in fatigue. However, pervasively passive people at baseline may do worse on CBT and perhaps better on GET.
A final decision on using this as an outcome has been postponed until we see how much of a measurement load actigraphy is, and it was agreed that this may be changed later if desired.
In the minutes the primary outcome measures were always questionnaires - Chalder Fatigue and SF36 physical function - right from 2003 (see the Trial Management Group minutes Trial Management Group minutes Meeting No. 2). In TMG meeting #7 they did discuss whether they should have an objective primary outcome measure, but clearly they ultimately decided not to. They seemed most interested in the potential of the 6 minute walking test:
Objective Measures of outcome. We had much discussion aboutvarious potential objective measures of outcome, including a six-minute walking test where the patient is timed using a stopwatch and the distance walked is recorded. The possibilities of using actigraphy and the step test for fitness were also discussed. We agreed that we would pilot the use of actigraphy, the step test and the six minute walking test in the first three centres. We had some discussion about whether an objective measure was to be a primary outcome. We had some discussion about the power of the trial to detect clinically significant differences between groups using the six-minute walking test.
ACTION: to send raw data of Oxford Trial in which used the six minute walking test.
Regardless of what became of actigraphy, if the 6MWT or step test had been adopted as a
primary outcome, then the reception of the trial might have quite different. I think we can guess what the "raw data of Oxford Trial" showed, but does anyone know?
So the PACE investigators saw the disappointing results of trials with objective measures, didn't like the results, and omitted them from their primary outcomes without a solid scientific rationale, which is not how science should work.
Garner argues that patients/activists/patient organisations see the results of trials, don't like the results, and criticize them unfairly, which is not how science should work, and cites AfME's U-turn. However, plenty of people were able to see that the proposed methods would reach unreliable results, long before those results were published. The ME Association and others did not need to see the results of the trial to know the trials were problematic. PACE trial management group meeting minutes in 2004 and 2005, ie 6-7 years before publication of the results, refer repeatedly to a "campaign to stop PACE and FINE", letters of complaint etc.
PACE Trial Trial Management Group Meeting #10 Wednesday 15th September 2004
14. ME Association
MEA have agreed to publish the response to their article campaigning to stop PACE and FINE. It was noted that there had been resignations of trustees due to divisions in the MEA about PACE and FINE.
Trial Management Group Meeting # 12 Friday 10th December 2004 The MRC have received 30-40 letters of complaint about the PACE trial. It was explained that this is a result of a concerted campaign by the MEA and others.
Trial Management Group Meeting # 14 Thursday 28th April 2005
ACTION 25: to send the letter regarding the campaign against PACE and FINE to the TSC for their approval for use.
So Garner will have to come up with a different argument.
Anyone have a copy of this they could upload?
ME Association. MEA calls for PACE trial to be scrapped. ME Essential, July 2004: 91: 3–4.