National Geographic: 'What exactly is brain fog? Here’s what scientists are finding out.'
'Scientists have long struggled to define brain fog—let alone pinpoint a cause for it. But research is starting to reveal multiple potential causes from inflammation to a leaky blood-brain barrier.
After a COVID-19 infection, many patients found themselves in a fog. Their attention wandered, their memory faltered. They felt sluggish, had trouble thinking straight, and struggled with basic chores.'
'Patients report brain fog as a consequence of chronic conditions including
fibromyalgia, myalgic encephalomyelitis/
chronic fatigue syndrome, and
lupus. '
'“One of the biggest hypotheses for what underlies brain fog in all of these different conditions is neuroinflammation,” Becker says.
'Nath and his team are also studying the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin, an antibody that is used to treat immunological disorders like lupus,
on long COVID. The theory is that it will suppress the immune system’s excessive inflammatory response, which would in turn keep the body from damaging healthy cells and alleviate brain fog. Next, they also want to try using checkpoint inhibitors, a type of immunotherapy typically used to help the body's immune system fight cancer, in cases of long COVID, too.'