Charting the circulating proteome in ME/CFS using cross-system profiling to uncover mechanistic insights, 2026, Hoel, Fluge, Mella+

Another group is showing that GDF15 is normal in ME/CFS, @Jonathan Edwards. The testing I was part of showed that the most severe patients had the lowest GDF15. Explaining how this could be would go a long way, in my opinion.

I still think it's plausible that, due to poor microvascular diffusion and reduced gradients, blood values might not reflect tissue values. Something similar is seen in mitochondrial diseases, where lactate levels in the blood can be normal.

There could be many other reasons, of course.
Hi Butter,

Interesting that you were tested for that. Was that as part of a study or something available to the public?
 
If you do not mind me asking, you seem to have a vast knowledge of all these studies. How do you keep track and organize these studies?
I try to follow ME/CFS research as closely as I can and sometimes write blogs about them. For example, at the end of the year I write an overview of the most interesting studies of the year, which helps to keep track of the most important ones.
https://mecfsskeptic.com/2024-looking-back-on-a-year-of-me-cfs-research/

I also notice that I tend to ignore the less quality studies more and more. Many papers just aren't worth the time and effort.
 
Peroxidasin is intersting to me, it might help explain POTS

Mammalian Peroxidasin (PXDN): From Physiology to Pathology

PXDN expresses in the endothelial cells and secretes into blood. PXDN exhibits with much higher concentration in plasma than MPO [20]. Therefore, it is reasonable to speculate that PXDN also plays an important role in vascular tone under physiological and pathological conditions.



According to that review it also seems to be involved in extracellular matrix and fibronectin. i don't know too much about extracellular matrix and fibronectin but I do know that these are bits of biology that keep coming up! Collagen-associated functions suggest a possible link to Ehlers Danlos or similar connective tissue issues.
I find PXDN very interesting too.

Here's a link to a post I made about earlier findings:
Myopathy as a cause of fatigue in long-term post-COVID-19 symptoms: Evidence of skeletal muscle histopathology, 2022, Hejbøl et al
 
I also notice that I tend to ignore the less quality studies more and more. Many papers just aren't worth the time and effort.
Was told once by a senior researcher in materials science that when he gets a paper to read he goes straight to the methodology section, and doesn't read the full paper until he knows it is worth reading. Said it saved him a lot of time.
 
HLA-C has the 39th highest fold change out of the 7326 aptamers they tested (logFC = 0.35). Not significant though (p=.19, q=.45).
seq.21797.4-HLA-C_boxplots.png
Here are all the ones they tested that mentioned HLA:
Rank | EntrezGeneSymbol | logFC | adj.P.Val
39 | HLA-C | 0.35 | 0.45
1662 | CD74 | 0.05 | 0.11
2047 | HLA-G | 0.04 | 0.64
2255 | HLA-E | 0.03 | 0.78
3243 | CD74 | 0.01 | 0.83
4309 | HLA-DRB3 | -0.01 | 0.94
5759 | HLA-DQA2 | -0.06 | 0.06

Edit: Mistyped the q-value.
 
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That said it's a ton of work, as you guys found there's a lot of ways to annotate the name of a protein, metabolite or other molecule, and a dozen different numbering systems.
Noticed this thread on Twitter which may be useful to merge data with different names for the same gene ID.


 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102647

Now published as:
Charting the circulating proteome in ME/CFS using cross-system profiling to uncover mechanistic insights
August Hoel<a>1</a>,<a>2</a>,<a>7</a> ∙ Fredrik Hoel<a>1</a>,<a>7</a> ∙ Sissel Elisabeth Dyrstad<a>1</a> ∙ Henrique Chapola<a>1</a> ∙ Ingrid Gurvin Rekeland<a>3</a> ∙ Kristin Risa<a>3</a> ∙ Kine Alme<a>3</a> ∙ Kari Sørland<a>3</a> ∙ Karl Albert Brokstad<a>4</a> ∙ Hans-Peter Marti<a>2</a>,<a>5</a> ∙ Olav Mella<a>3</a>,<a>6</a> ∙ Øystein Fluge<a>3</a>,<a>6</a> ∙ Karl Johan Tronstad

Highlights​

• Serum proteomics reveals widespread protein changes in ME/CFS patients
• Tissue-linked shifts show reduced intracellular and increased secreted proteins
• Immune signatures show reprogramming with reduced neutrophil-derived proteins
• Regulatory networks link immune, vascular, and metabolic dysfunction

Summary​

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating condition often triggered by infections, with unclear mechanisms and no established biomarkers or treatments.

We apply aptamer-based serum proteomics to 50 ME/CFS patients and 29 healthy controls, analyzing 7,326 protein targets.
We identify 1,823 aptamers with significant differences between the groups (845 after false discovery rate [FDR] correction).

Distinct patterns of tissue- and process-specific changes are seen.
There is a broad increase in secreted proteins, while intracellular proteins, e.g., from skeletal muscle, particularly show reduction. Immune cell-associated signatures indicate immune reprogramming, including a distinct reduction in proteins secreted by activated neutrophils.
Focused secretome analysis supports intensified regulatory interactions related to immune activity, inflammation, vasculature, and metabolism.
Validation of measurements using antibody-based methods confirms findings for a selection of proteins.

The uncovered serum proteome patterns in ME/CFS patients may contribute to understanding the pathophysiology and inform future biomarker research and therapeutic development.
 
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