Turns out naps are not so bad for you. (New study, open access.)

Sean

Moderator
Staff member
http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2018/october/day-time-naps.html

The age-old adage "I'll sleep on it" has proven to be scientifically sound advice, according to a new study which measured changes in people's brain activity and responses before and after a nap. The findings, published in the Journal of Sleep Research, support the advice which suggests that a period of sleep may help weighing up pros and cons or gain insight before making a challenging decision.

The Medical Research Council-funded study, led by University of Bristol researchers, aimed to understand whether a short period of sleep can help us process unconscious information and how this might affect behaviour and reaction time.

The findings further reveal the benefits of a short bout of sleep on cognitive brain function and found that even during short bouts of sleep we process information that we are not consciously aware of.

Nap‐mediated benefit to implicit information processing across age using an affective priming paradigm


Netasha Shaikh
Elizabeth Coulthard


First published: 23 July 2018
https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12728

Understanding how sleep‐related information processing affects behaviour may allow targeted cognitive enhancement to improve quality of life.

Previous evidence demonstrates that implicitly‐presented cues are processed during subsequent sleep, resulting in enhanced cognition upon waking.

We used a masked priming task to investigate this further. To assess sleep‐mediated effects on reactions to implicitly presented primes, participants performed an Affective Priming Task pre‐and‐post 90 min of sleep, compared with an equal period of wakefulness. The Choice Reaction Time Task—a similar binary choice task but without the implicit aspect—was used as a control.

Sixteen healthy participants across a range of ages were tested and sleep monitored using electroencephalogram.

In stark contrast to the control task, in the Affective Priming Task reaction times significantly improved across all prime types after sleep, but not an equal period of wake.

There was no significant change in reaction times on Choice Reaction Time Task after wakefulness or sleep.

Rather than a general suppression of all primes, the data are more in keeping with specific strategic optimisation of prime processing during sleep. We plan future work to probe the mechanisms and neuroanatomical substrate of sleep‐mediated prime processing.
 
Sometimes i think common sense has become the baby who is thrown out with the bath water.

If healthy people find naps work well for them then it should not be dismissed so easily. Of course it should be tested but a little bit of sense would not hurt. I am reminded about something from years ago, scientists found that cycling at a certain rate was the most energy efficient. But athletes found following that rate exhausted them more quickly then their natural rate. Yet they were told the science was right and they were wrong. Turns out the less efficient human rate leads to longer endurance, it may be less energy efficient but people last longer before fatigue when they go at their natural rate then the scientific one.
 
Last edited:
It is good to see research challenging the sleep police.

There is some evidence that aspects at least of our sleep patterns are cultural, for example there is the suggestion that in Europe at least the previous norm was not 'go to bed, fall asleep for eight hours, then get up' but rather 'sleep for several hours, be active for several hours, then have a second sleep'.

See
https://www.sciencealert.com/humans-used-to-sleep-in-two-shifts-maybe-we-should-again
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-16964783

However this does not stop people such as Prof Crawley seeking to present a dogma that people with ME must correct their aberrant sleep patterns, must not sleep during the day and must sleep in one eight hour block at night. She even seems to go as far as to suggest establishing 'correct' sleep patterns will change our brain neurophysiology in such a way that is the equivalent of a drug treating the underlying biomedical deficit in ME/CFS.

To quote the Guardian quoting Crawley ( https://www.theguardian.com/society...-syndrome-treatment-trial-success-netherlands ):

The approach regularly receives criticism from some activists who argue it treats chronic fatigue syndrome as a disease of the mind.

Prof Crawley said: "A teenager might say, 'You are just trying to change my sleep', but do you know how much biology you actually change?

"Children who come to my clinic have low cortisol [stress hormone] levels in the morning, that is why they feel so terrible; by changing their sleep, we reverse that.

"The stuff we are doing is not a pill, but it might as well be."

There is obviously issues around us not fully understand the implications of artificial light and/or overuse of screen based technology in relation to healthy or restorative sleep, and we can not rule out the possibility there is a group of people who suffer fatigue because of unhelpful sleep habits such as overuse of IT devices before attempting to sleep, who may be helped by good sleep hygiene practices. It may even be probable that Crawley with her over broad definition of CFS misdiagnoses such teenagers as having CFS.

Presumably, if Crawley had data demonstrating ME is invariably linked to low morning levels of cortisol and that changing sleep patterns reverses this which in turn is associated with curing ME, she would have published it. Without such evidence we are dealing with her personal beliefs not evidence based medicine.

There is no evidence that trying to force people with ME into a perceived 'normal' sleeping pattern, is helpful. We do not understand the relationship between ME and sleep, especially as the same individual can shift between sleeping twenty or so hours a day and total insomnia or a complete reversal of the normal diurnal rhythms over the course of their disease.

Anecdotally people report that sleeping when the body demands it is helpful, that day time sleeps can help improve functioning. Until we have evidence that not sleeping when our bodies demands it and trying to force sleep when our bodies reject it is actually helpful, surely the rational response is to listen to our bodies.
 
Last edited:
Ironic this is from Bristol when Crawley is at the forefront of the sleep hygiene dogma for children with ME
Well, I didn't want to say anything. :whistle: ;)

Anecdotally people report that sleeping when the body demands it is helpful, that day time sleeps can help improve functioning. Until we have evidence that not sleeping when our bodies demands it and trying to force sleep when our bodies reject it is actually helpful, surely the rational response is to listen to our bodies.
Agree completely. Rest and sleep when your body says it needs to. Being able to do that is one of the very few practical management tools we have.
 
It’s confusing. I’ve had different results at different times. One episode of sleep hygiene and limiting sleep to 7 1/2 hours overnight, then going to bed the next night as early as I was tired worked, that’s when it was pretty early on in the disease. At other times sleeping as much as possible worked better. I need a whole lot more than eight hours total now.

It’s not just Europe where sleep was noted to be in 2 parts, seems to be the case in England as well There were diary entries of “the second sleep” written in a way that expresses that it was usual.
 
Perhaps this is why being away from my apartment seems to lead to a crash. Edit: There was not a place to lie down right there, it was some amount of time, noise, standing & etc. away.
I Did an ‘easy’ errand on Friday, that burned the fuse too far. I’ve slept over 12 hours so far since last night and needed every minute of it.
 
Last edited:
As well as the two sleeps idea, there are the Southern European countries that regularly make use of siestas, and presumably lots of other cultural variations in sleeping patterns around the world.

This link looks at the developed world, see https://blog.withings.com/2014/11/05/cultural-differences-impact-on-sleep-patterns/ , but it would also be interesting to know more about sleeping patterns in traditional societies.
 
I wonder if some of this isn't climate related. In southern climates it would be uncomfortable to dangerous to work during the hottest part of the day. In northern climates it might make sense to spend all of the daylight hours outside, then do inside work by candlelight between the two sleeps.
 
i saw somewhere that lions spend about 20 hours resting and sleeping and four being active. Bears hibernate. There’s nothing wrong with animals adapting to their environment. I also saw that some people are night owls probably because their ancestors were more adapted to keeping watch late at night while others slept so there isn’t one ‘correct’ human sleeping pattern
 
Back
Top Bottom