The biology of coronavirus COVID-19 - including research and treatments

"Inside the NIH’s controversial decision to stop its big remdesivir study"

(my bolding)
"Steven Nissen, a veteran trialist and cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic, disagreed that giving placebo patients remdesivir was the right call. “I believe it is in society’s best interest to determine whether remdesivir can reduce mortality, and with the release of this information doing a placebo-controlled trial to determine if there is a mortality benefit will be very difficult,” he said. “The question is: Was there a route, or is there a route, to determine if the drug can prevent death?” The decision is “a lost opportunity,” he said.

Peter Bach, the director of the Center for Health Policy and Outcomes at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, agreed with Nissen. “The core understanding of clinical research participation and clinical research conduct is we run the trial rigorously to provide the most accurate information about the right treatment,” he said. And that answer, he argued, should ideally have determined whether remdesivir saves lives.

The reason we have shut our whole society down, Bach said, is not to prevent Covid-19 patients from spending a few more days in the hospital. It is to prevent patients from dying. “Mortality is the right endpoint,” he said."

https://www.statnews.com/2020/05/11...al-decision-to-stop-its-big-remdesivir-study/
 
“Mortality is the right endpoint,” he said."
Hmmm.

So... millions of people ending up in a coma or locked-in syndrome or something like that would be a rousing success? Just as a hypothetical.

That doesn't seem like a reasonable end-point. Medicine seriously has to stop with this obsessive mindset where mortality is the only thing that matters. I'm not saying this relative to this drug but in general, it's exemplary of the fundamental flaws within medicine, the ones that create the demand for alternative medicine, among other disastrous outcomes.

It sounds more like responding to specific check-box type political incentives than doing what's right. Especially as in many cases those who end up surviving with no quality of life will not get the help that they need. On purpose. Dying isn't always the worst-case scenario.
 
Hmmm.

So... millions of people ending up in a coma or locked-in syndrome or something like that would be a rousing success? Just as a hypothetical.

That doesn't seem like a reasonable end-point. Medicine seriously has to stop with this obsessive mindset where mortality is the only thing that matters. I'm not saying this relative to this drug but in general, it's exemplary of the fundamental flaws within medicine, the ones that create the demand for alternative medicine, among other disastrous outcomes.

It sounds more like responding to specific check-box type political incentives than doing what's right. Especially as in many cases those who end up surviving with no quality of life will not get the help that they need. On purpose. Dying isn't always the worst-case scenario.

I think he's referring to mortality being the original endpoint in the study, which then got changed midway PACE-style to number of days in hospital. Something that doesn't exclude those who received Remdesivir from suffering severe consequences of having had COVID-19.
 
Merged thread

BBC: Coronavirus: A third of hospital patients develop dangerous blood clots


Up to 30% of patients who are seriously ill with coronavirus are developing dangerous blood clots, according to medical experts.

They say the clots, also known as thrombosis, could be contributing to the number of people dying.

Severe inflammation in the lungs - a natural response of the body to the virus - is behind their formation.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-52662065
 
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Merged thread

BBC: Coronavirus: A third of hospital patients develop dangerous blood clots




https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-52662065
This reminded me of TTP, a rare blood condition . Symptoms include dizziness, confusion , and can be triggered by bacterial infection amongst other things.
Quite rare ( or at least that was what friend was told) whose son died of it a week after being admitted to hospital.He had been feeling unwell for a couple of weeks .
 
'Llamas are the real unicorns': why they could be our secret weapon against coronavirus

A study published last week in the journal Cell found that antibodies in llamas’ blood could offer a defense against the coronavirus. In addition to larger antibodies like ours, llamas have small ones that can sneak into spaces on viral proteins that are too tiny for human antibodies, helping them to fend off the threat. The hope is that the llama antibodies could help protect humans who have not been infected.
 
This is the academic paper for the molecular clock analysis published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences which suggests there is no proof the outbreak started in China.

(Newscast video of author explaining, as linked in my previous post. https://www.s4me.info/threads/the-b...vaccines-treatments.14022/page-20#post-258820)

"Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes"
Forster et al

https://www.pnas.org/content/117/17/9241
F1.large.jpg
 
It happens in the Netherlands too.

https://www.bd.nl/brabant/coronavri...t~ae6e600e/?referrer=https://news.google.com/

https://nos.nl/artikel/2334166-duizenden-patienten-met-milde-coronaklachten-zijn-wekenlang-ziek.html


"‘Weird as hell’: the Covid-19 patients who have symptoms for months
Researchers keen to work out why some people are suffering from ‘long tail’ form of the virus"


https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2...advent-calendar-covid-19-symptoms-paul-garner
 
Virus Survivors Could Suffer Severe Health Effects for Years
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/arti...8xavj1io4anKSQL4OpNPXtjuSpA0GwOndEAeE3nyGdf48

"While researchers are only starting to track the long-term health of survivors, past epidemics caused by similar viruses show that the aftermath can last more than a decade. According to one study, survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, suffered lung infections, higher cholesterol levels and were falling sick more frequently than others for as long as 12 years after the epidemic coursed through Asia, killing almost 800 people."



" Hong Kong’s hospital authority has been monitoring a group of Covid-19 patients for up to two months since they were released. They found about half of the 20 survivors had lung function below the normal range, said Owen Tsang, the medical director of the infectious disease center at Princess Margaret Hospital."

" In another study, CT scans taken over a month of 90 Wuhan coronavirus patients found that of the 70 discharged from the hospital, 66 had mild to substantial residual lung abnormalities on their last CT scans, which showed ground-glass opacity, said a March paper published online in Radiology."
 
Coronavirus: Immune clue sparks treatment hope

UK scientists are to begin testing a treatment that it is hoped could counter the effects of Covid-19 in the most seriously ill patients.

It has been found those with the most severe form of the disease have extremely low numbers of an immune cell called a T-cell.

T-cells clear infection from the body.

The clinical trial will evaluate if a drug called interleukin 7, known to boost T-cell numbers, can aid patients' recovery.

It involves scientists from the Francis Crick Institute, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital.

They have looked at immune cells in the blood of 60 Covid-19 patients and found an apparent crash in the numbers of T-cells.

Prof Adrian Hayday from the Crick Institute said it was a "great surprise" to see what was happening with the immune cells.

"They're trying to protect us, but the virus seems to be doing something that's pulling the rug from under them, because their numbers have declined dramatically.

In a microlitre (0.001ml) drop of blood, normal healthy adults have between 2,000 and 4,000 T-cells, also called T lymphocytes.

The Covid patients the team tested had between 200-1,200.


https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-52754280
 
Interesting suggestion in this Twitter thread...

Apparently measuring levels of covid19 in sewage gives a week of warning about an upsurge in cases to come.

Code:
https://twitter.com/BrennanSpiegel/status/1265119535901732865

 
Interesting?



I doubt it.

There is also another study claiming that coronavirus immunity is not maintained. https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.11.20086439v1

The serological findings suggest that where there is significant genetic variation of the antigenic proteins, immunity is not maintained (just like Influenza).
Their conclusion about short-lived immunity is also wrong because they don't seem to understand how the immune system works. The plasma cell/antibody kinetics they observed is typical of all short lived infections and vaccinations. Immune memory is based on memory T-cells and B-cells, not plasma cell kinetics, but I guess PhDs of virology and professors of epidemiology don't learn that anymore. :confused:
 
Coronavirus May Be a Blood Vessel Disease, Which Explains Everything
Many of the infection’s bizarre symptoms have one thing in common

In April, blood clots emerged as one of the many mysterious symptoms attributed to Covid-19, a disease that had initially been thought to largely affect the lungs in the form of pneumonia. Quickly after came reports of young people dying due to coronavirus-related strokes. Next it was Covid toes — painful red or purple digits.

https://elemental.medium.com/corona...isease-which-explains-everything-2c4032481ab2
Somebody sent me this. I haven't read it, but I see it has 10,000 claps in one day so seems to be popular.
 
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