The biology of coronavirus COVID-19 - including research and treatments

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What a cheap cop out, to use the "novelty" of the virus but to use 2 years, as a point where symptoms improve in some but not all, when it's already been 4. Which of course ignores the fact that this problem has been known for decades.

Medicine is really putting out a masterclass in how to destroy the credibility of experts. Of all experts, sadly. This is explicitly using professional credibility to lie to and mislead people, with clear intent and purpose.

 

Preprint showing hydroxycholoroquine may have been a bad idea, upregulating endothelial ACE2 expression.

Chloroquine Up-regulates Expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 in Endothelial Cells
Hien C Nguyen; Shuhan Bu; Lynn Wang; Aman Singh; Krishna K Singh

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) posed a serious threat to global public health. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which is a derivative of Chloroquine (CQ), was a WHO-recommended drug to treat COVID-19 with mixed effects. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the plausible mechanisms of HCQ actions behind its observed mixed effect.

KEY RESULTS
We demonstrate that CQ-treatment significantly up-regulates mesenchymal markers and SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in cultured endothelial cells.

CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS
The detrimental effect of HCQ in seriously ill COVID-19 patients might be due to CQ-induced increased expression of endothelial ACE2 exacerbating the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our study warrants further investigation in animal models and humans and caution while prescribing HCQ to patients with an impaired renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, such as in hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, or chronic kidney disease; particularly with ACE-inhibitors or statin therapy.


Link | PDF (Preprint: BioRxiv) [Open Access]

 

Sabine Hossenfender — Unapproved Trial for Discredited COVID Cure: Scandal In France

"In 2020, French physician Didier Raoult claimed that hydroxychloroquine was a cure for Covid-19. The results could later not be reproduced, but tens of thousands of people died because they did not receive or not seek treatment that might actually have helped them. Unbelievable as it sounds, the story of his unethical practices continues to this day. I have the summary."