I asked ChatGPT to write a critical response. After a few prompts, this is what it came up with:
To the Editor,
The recent article, “Patients with severe ME/CFS need hope and expert multidisciplinary care” (BMJ 2025;389:r977), expresses concern for individuals living with severe myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). However, several claims within the piece lack support from robust clinical trial evidence and risk promoting interventions that may ultimately do harm.
The promotion of multidisciplinary approaches, while well-intentioned, appears to rest on treatments such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and graded exercise therapy (GET), which have been the subject of substantial scientific and patient-led scrutiny. The 2021 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline (NG206) no longer recommends GET for ME/CFS, citing consistent patient reports of harm and a lack of high-quality evidence demonstrating sustained benefit [1].
The PACE trial, previously used to justify the use of CBT and GET, has been widely criticised for its methodological flaws, including post-hoc changes to outcome measures and inadequate reporting of adverse events [2,3]. Reanalyses have demonstrated that the original claims of recovery were overstated, and many participants did not experience meaningful clinical improvement. Subsequent studies have highlighted that a significant proportion of patients report deterioration following GET, raising serious ethical and clinical concerns about its continued use [4,5].
While the provision of compassionate care is essential, it must be underpinned by scientific integrity. It is psychologically harmful to suggest that patients can recover through their own efforts or attitude when there is no current curative treatment for ME/CFS and its biological mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. Implying that improvement depends on patient engagement with multidisciplinary strategies—without strong evidentiary support—risks placing undue responsibility on the patient, potentially leading to feelings of guilt, failure, and demoralisation when improvement does not occur.
Patients with ME/CFS require honest, evidence-based information and access to supportive services that respect the severity and complexity of their condition. They also need significant investment in biomedical research to develop effective treatments. Offering hope that is not grounded in data may undermine trust and cause real psychological harm.
References:
1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Myalgic encephalomyelitis (or encephalopathy)/chronic fatigue syndrome: diagnosis and management. NICE guideline [NG206]. 2021.
2. Wilshire CE, Kindlon T, Matthees A, McGrath S. Can patients with chronic fatigue syndrome really recover after graded exercise or cognitive behavioural therapy? A critical commentary and preliminary re-analysis of the PACE trial. Fatigue. 2017;5(1):43-56.
3. Geraghty KJ. ‘PACE-Gate’: When clinical trial evidence meets open data access. J Health Psychol. 2016;21(10):1176–1183.
4. Vink M, Vink-Niese A. Graded exercise therapy for ME/CFS is not effective and unsafe. Healthcare (Basel). 2020;8(4):1-17.
5. Twisk FN. A critical analysis of CBT and GET for ME/CFS. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2017;38(3):131-135.