Not for measles mumps and rubella. In the 1950s virtually all children in the UK went through these illnesses. By 1990 almost none did. The cessation matched the introduction of vaccination. Sanitation, nutrition and living standards are no protection against droplet borne or contact borne viruses.
'...One of the greatest, and unsung, achievements of mankind has been the defeat of 11 major infectious diseases - including cholera, scarlet fever, smallpox, whooping cough and measles - which accounted for 40 per cent of all deaths in the United States in 1900. In that year, the death rate stood at around 17 people per 1,000 in the population.
By the late 1940s, the rate had dropped by about 40 per cent, to roughly 10 people per 1,000, and it continued to slowly decline through the start of the twenty-first century. Although it's begun to creep back up, from a minimum of 7.9 people per 1,000 in 2009 to a rate of 8.4 per 1,000 in 2016, this still represents roughly a halving of the death rate since 1900.
If you'd searched earlier than 1900 - which you can do with data from the UK - you'd see that the death rate had started to decline from around the 1850s.
Looking at specific diseases, you'll see a similar pattern. The death rate from measles in the UK was more than 1,000 children per million, and it had dropped to less an 100 per million by 1950, a ten-fold reduction. But an early version of the measles vaccine was introduced only in 1963.
Then there's whooping cough (pertussis). In 1890, the death rate was around 900 per million children; by 1930 it was down around 200 per million. But the DTP vaccine was introduced ony in 1940.
Scarlet fever was killing around 600 children per million in 1890, which fell to fewer than 100 per million by 1930. But penilcillin was introduced only in 1942.
So what's really caused this sharp decline? It's a question that has fascinated doctors and edical historians for years. leading the way was Englsih physician Thomas McKeown, who examined the decline in the death rate in England and Wales over three centuries.
He notes the decline started during the eighteenth century, which he attribues fo improvements in the environment, but it became steeper in the second half of the nineteenth century, which was wholly caused by a loosening of the fatal grip of infectious diseases. This drop in infections can be explained by three factors: rising living stanfards, especially better diet and nutrition, improvements in personal and public hygiene, and a "favourable trend" in the relationsip between some micro-organisms and their human hosts.
But, he emphasised, medicine made an insignificant contribution to this decline. The effect of immunisation, such as it was, was to restrict smallpox, and this accounted for just 5 per cent of the reduction in the death rate.
The fall continued throughout the twentieth century, driven by improving nutrition, better public sanitation and "less certainly" immunisation. Nutrition on its own was responsible for half of the drop in death rate, McKeown estimated, with sanitation being responsible for one-sixth, or 16 per cent, and imunisation and other medical therapies combined responsible for just one tenth, or 10 per cent."
What Doctors Don't Tell You, June 2019
PopulStud(Cambridge),1975;29:391-422
[There's more.]