Recommendations
The objective of this review is to summarize the main anomalies and heart disease that can be found in athletes and aims to give a recommendation and general pattern of steps to follow in the case of recommendation of the cardiological aptitude for sports taking the main groups of heart disease, i.e.: cardiomyopathies (table 3), valvular heart and aorta (table 4), arrhythmias and channelopathies (table 5), and congenital heart disease (table 6). For each of the alterations a recommended intensity is given depending on the type of recreational or competitive sport exercise. In order to simplify this indication a red color was granted when competitive sport is contraindicated and recreational sport is permitted if a low static component (Mitchell I) and is carried out at a lower intensity than 60% maximum heart rate or less than 5 Borg Scale; a yellow color is granted only when the competitive sport is allowed in sports classification of Mitchell IA (i.e.: golf, bowling) and recreational sport is permitted if it is a low-moderate static component (Mitchell I and II) and carried out at a lower intensity than 75% maximum heart rate or less than 6 Borg Scale. However, it is noteworthy that the decision should always be individualized and customized according to the severity of the disease, comorbidities of the subject, mode and sport that is practiced and, importantly, personal environment of the subject.
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