The theory of effort minimization in physical activity (TEMPA), Cheval, B/ Boisgontier, M (2021)

MSEsperanza

Senior Member (Voting Rights)
Cheval, Boris & Boisgontier, Matthieu. (2021). The theory of effort minimization in physical activity (TEMPA). Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews.
https://www.researchgate.net/public...ffort_minimization_in_physical_activity_TEMPA

Abstract
While the automatic attraction to effort minimization has been evidenced in multiple fields, its potential role in explaining the pandemic of physical inactivity has been overlooked. The Theory of Effort Minimization in Physical Activity fills this gap. TEMPA seeks to obtain a more accurate understanding of the neuropsychological determinants of movement-based behaviors.

Seems to be connected to this project:

BMEC: Behaviors Minimizing Energetic Cost
https://www.researchgate.net/project/BMEC-Behaviors-Minimizing-Energetic-Cost
Goal: Today, one-third of the adult population remains physically inactive and 80% of the adolescent population does not reach the recommended amount of physical activity. Why do most people fail to exercise regularly ? What if a fundamental principle that leads us to minimize energetic cost has been neglected in exercise neuropsychology?

The objective of this project is to examine the automatic reactions triggered by stimuli associated with different types of exercise behavior (e.g. activity, sedentary behaviors) and energetic cost variations (e.g. decreased energetic cost, irrespective of the level of physical activity).

Hypothesis: We expect to found evidence supporting the hypothesis that behaviors minimizing energetic cost (BMEC) are rewarding.

Implications: if BMEC are rewarding, the pandemic of physical inactivity is driven by an automatic resistance to the intended engagement in exercise. Therefore, public health policies take the wrong approach. Part of the massive investment aiming at increasing conscious intentions to be active should be redirected toward the development of research projects aiming at understanding the mechanisms underlying this automatic resistance and interventions aiming at reducing it.
 
I wonder how much resistance to physical activity in countries like the UK is because of the way it is focused in schools on competitive sports. Even individual activities like dance and swimming and exercise classes have a competitive element built in, with dance exams and swimming certificates, and exercise class teachers inevitably being so much fitter than their class, and the feeling of inadequacy this engenders.
 
When I moved out of a dirty city into a beautiful town with many trees and gardens, my physical activity increased without having to force myself.

Instead of the usual psychological view of the individual being the problem and somehow, 80% of the population being lazy, the low levels of physical activity should be seen as a systemic problem, probably the result of many different factors that act on the individual.

The raising inequality, and competitive achievement orientied culture is I suspect a big factor. If after work you have little energy and time left, you're not going to go for a long walk in nature.
 
Last edited:
I wonder how much resistance to physical activity in countries like the UK is because of the way it is focused in schools on competitive sports. Even individual activities like dance and swimming and exercise classes have a competitive element built in, with dance exams and swimming certificates, and exercise class teachers inevitably being so much fitter than their class, and the feeling of inadequacy this engenders.
God yes. And I always hated exercise at school because my co-ordination is SO BAD, so I was terrible at ball sports, and everything really. And so many PE teachers that I had were nasty really. One used to keep throwing balls at me at random moments FFS.

After compulsory PE was over, I discovered that there were ways to exercise without making a fool of myself, and was then quite happy to exercise, and didnt feel inadequate doing it, in fact I actually enjoyed it. (And then a few years later I got ME, but that's another story.)
 
Instead of the usual psychological view of the individual being the problem and somehow, 80% of the population being lazy, the low levels of physical activity should be seen as a systemic problem, probably the result of many different factors.

I agree, there's nothing mysterious about it at all. My dad walked half an hour to work every day for decades, but if it had been on a bus route or he'd had a car, he wouldn't have done.

The developed world is engineered to encourage us to pay for the convenience of not having to do activity, and it'll only get more so. Close to where I live, some people are no longer even walking to the bus stop – they hire electric scooters instead. You see them parked in rows next to busy stops.
 
I agree, there's nothing mysterious about it at all. My dad walked half an hour to work every day for decades, but if it had been on a bus route or he'd had a car, he wouldn't have done.

The developed world is engineered to encourage us to pay for the convenience of not having to do activity, and it'll only get more so. Close to where I live, some people are no longer even walking to the bus stop – they hire electric scooters instead. You see them parked in rows next to busy stops.

Yes, this is so true - it seems to be time pressures/environmental factors, rather than a sudden onset of a strange neuropsychological disorder causing exercise aversion across the entire population!
 
Yes, this is so true - it seems to be time pressures/environmental factors, rather than a sudden onset of a strange neuropsychological disorder causing exercise aversion across the entire population!

Let's hope Chalder doesn't read the forum or she will very soon find this disorder is real, as proven by responses to questionnaires after CBT, and obviously best treated with CBT. And the best part is almost the entire population needs treatment. A real goldmine.
 
Last edited:
Exercise 'aversion' isn't some new strange thing.

It's a result of evolution selecting it as a valid method of survival - don't waste energy, be as efficient as possible with what energy you have, as getting more can be dangerous, and tricky - or was before farming, just eat, and supermarkets were invented.

Look at most animals, do they go down the gym? Do they go on pointless walks/runs (other than territorial maintenance/enforcement and hunting/grazing)? Do they lift heavy things for no obvious reason?

No, what they do, mainly, when not hunting, eating, etc. is socialise or sleep.

Why would humans be any different?

It's not aberrant behaviour, it's the way we are supposed to be - all that's changed is external factors, like desks, supermarkets, cars, and of course, TV. All 'invented' in an attempt to use less energy to meet our needs/desires, to increase 'efficiency'. Efficiency, the desire to use less energy, is built into us, at a cellular level.

The things that weren't like this died, probably from starvation, due to using more energy than they could replace, coz they were 'inefficient', or at least not efficient enough.

Everything is about energy, teeth are about applying a local force that overwhelms the local resources of the thing they are biting, the bigger those resources the bigger teeth are needed to so so. Hunting is about energy, having more, or being more efficient, than what you are hunting.

So being efficient, and energy sparing, apart from on the few occasions you need to use it, is not only advisable, it's essential - without doing so you die (at least from a species point of view).
 
Last edited:
I wonder how much resistance to physical activity in countries like the UK is because of the way it is focused in schools on competitive sports. Even individual activities like dance and swimming and exercise classes have a competitive element built in, with dance exams and swimming certificates, and exercise class teachers inevitably being so much fitter than their class, and the feeling of inadequacy this engenders.

I completely agree with you about the competitive element being built in, and I never liked that. But what really killed off exercise for me as a teenager at school was the way I had to dress. In summer I wore a white shirt and baggy navy-blue pants, plus yellow woolly socks. I can't remember the footwear, but I can guarantee it would have been very basic. In winter I wore exactly the same, only with a navy jumper on top. The outfit was the same even when it was snowing and there was snow lying on the ground. I played hockey in winter with a ball painted half red and half blue so it could be seen while we were playing. Legs that were an unpleasant mixture of blue (from the cold) and red (also from the cold) was standard.

The teachers wore track suits, probably with thermal underwear underneath, thick jumpers and huge, fur-trimmed parkas over the top, plus scarves, gloves and woolly hats. Other pupils with more money than my family did had extra clothes, but I only remember one (rich) girl who wore a tracksuit. The rest of us made do with whatever was available, but being half naked seemed to be part of the humiliation. The only way I would have got more clothes to wear while doing sports was if the school had made them compulsory.

Since I was short and podgy I just associate sports with humiliation. I've never enjoyed exercise since.

Edit : Note for American readers - When I referred to wearing baggy navy-blue pants I was referring to underwear, not trousers.
 
Last edited:
Exercise for the sake of it is such a privileged perspective isn’t it. What about people who work in physically demanding jobs filling Amazon orders or washing and dressing elderly frail people. What about people who rely on public transport. They don’t have any scope to ‘resist’ physical activity.
 
Seems to me there is an argument to be made for a correlate, a cognitive one. TEMMA: The Theory of Effort Minimization in Mental Activity. If there were, I would subscribe to it. I do my best to minimize concentration, strong emotions, math, judgement...I do not mean this ironically. I pay a high price when I over do it cognitively.
 
Last edited:
Back
Top Bottom