However, the ASA ruling led NHS commissioners to demand substantial changes to the programme (e.g., removing references to “recovery”) that its developers considered too undermining of the programme (as well as costly and onerous to implement). At the time of writing, the developers have withdrawn the programme for NHS patients.
The ASA's determination (that there was not enough trial evidence to support claims about recovery) is hooked into a dominant biomedical infrastructure, in which clinical trial evidence is the gold standard. Within these governing systems, biopsychosocial (and often locally-developed) services find it difficult to demonstrate benefit (i.e., that healing work works).
As one service developer commented, clinical trials are often not the best tool to demonstrate the usefulness of complex interventions, and therefore there is little such gold standard literature available to justify their programme:
Any evidence that we send in [responses to the ASA] is not accepted because the evidence that they measure it against is the existing literature. [But] the existing literature, everything that has been published on research for chronic fatigue and ME and fibromyalgia, is based on the biomedical acute disease model. [Service developer, Chrysalis Effect]