Portugal: 2025 International Conference on Clinical and Scientific Advances in ME/CFS and Long COVID

[Chandelier]

2ª Conferencia Internacional sobre EM/SFC e Covid Longo

2ª CI Avanços Clínicos e Científicos em EM/SFC e COVID Longa NOVEMBRO 12-13 2025 NA ORDEMDOS MEDICOS NO PORTO Junte-se a nós, presencialmente ou online

aliancamillionsmissing.org

The 2nd international conference starts today.
Link to this year’s programme.

Join Us for the 2nd International Conference on Clinical and Scientific Advances in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Long COVID
You can attend this conference in person (limited seats) or online via streaming. You can register for both days of the event or just one of the days.

About the Conference​

Taking place on November 12–13, 2025, in Porto, Portugal, this conference aims to raise awareness, promote understanding, and stimulate dialogue among healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, patients, and advocates about Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), Long COVID (LC), and other post-viral fatiguing illnesses.

 

[Trish]

Looks like they put videos on YouTube last year. I hope they do so this year too.

 

[Dolphin]

ME Research UK:

The 2nd International Conference on Clinical and Scientific Advances in ME/CFS and Long COVID (November 12th-13th) is currently being held in Porto, Portugal, and ME Research UK has been attending remotely.

A highlight from this morning’s session was Caroline Kingdon’s insightful talk detailing her experiences visiting people with severe ME - from a researcher’s perspective and recommendations for better care.

Read more: https://tinyurl.com/33948rsx

 

[Chandelier]

Looks like they put videos on YouTube last year. I hope they do so this year too.

They offer livestreams for today and tomorrow on YouTube:

 

[Jaybee00]

Watching the Portuguese ME & LC conference...... is there any other group of major, life-destroying illnesses where longstanding clinicians in the field present on yoga asanas?

 

[Chandelier]

Here's an overview of day one of this year's conference.
The AI summaries were generated based on the subtitles files attached to these posts.

Epidemiology of ME/CFS and Long COVID​

Speaker: Nuno Sepulveda


Link to video (start time 00:21:40)

AI Summary

• [00:23:09] Introduction to Epidemiological Concepts
  The speaker, Nuno Sepulveda, a biostatistician, introduces fundamental epidemiological terms essential for understanding the discussion. He defines prevalence as the total number of existing cases in a population at a specific time, incidence as the number of new cases over a period, and risk factors as prior conditions that predispose individuals to a disease. He also differentiates between passive surveillance (collecting data from official health records) and active surveillance (proactively finding cases through surveys).
• [00:25:39] ME/CFS Diagnostic Criteria
  The presentation highlights a core challenge in ME/CFS epidemiology: the lack of a definitive biomarker, making diagnosis purely clinical. The speaker outlines the three most commonly discussed diagnostic criteria: the 1994 CDC (Fukuda) criteria, the 2003 Canadian Consensus Criteria (CCC), and the 2015 Institute of Medicine (IOM) criteria. He specifies that the Fukuda criteria require at least six months of unexplained fatigue plus four of eight core symptoms, noting that Post-Exertional Malaise (PEM) is now considered a mandatory symptom for diagnosis.
• [00:27:31] Prevalence and Incidence of ME/CFS
  This section delves into the prevalence of ME/CFS, which is estimated to be between 0.1% and 0.5% in the adult population, suggesting millions of affected individuals worldwide. The speaker points out the wide variation in these estimates, which is largely due to the different diagnostic criteria and study methodologies used. He notes that the incidence rate, or the number of new cases per year, is less studied but equally important for understanding the disease's burden.
• [00:33:41] Risk Factors for ME/CFS
  Several risk factors for developing ME/CFS are discussed. Being female is a significant factor, with a much higher prevalence in women. The typical age of onset is between 30 and 40 years old. A history of infectious mononucleosis (caused by the Epstein-Barr virus) is also identified as a major trigger, increasing the risk of developing ME/CFS.
• [00:36:58] Epidemiology of Long COVID
  The speaker briefly touches upon the epidemiology of Long COVID, acknowledging it as a new and significant public health issue. He emphasizes that one of the subtypes of Long COVID presents with symptoms that are identical to ME/CFS. This overlap provides a unique opportunity for researchers to study the early stages of a post-infectious fatigue syndrome, which was not previously possible with ME/CFS.
• [00:40:48] Final Thoughts and Challenges
  In conclusion, the speaker reiterates the main challenges in ME/CFS epidemiology. The lack of a biomarker and the inconsistency in diagnostic criteria are major hurdles to obtaining accurate prevalence and incidence data. He argues that the medical and scientific communities need to agree on a unified case definition to move research forward and improve patient care

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Therapeutic Management of ME/CFS and Long COVID, Including Off-Label Treatments and New Clinical Trials​

Speaker: Susan Levine


Link to video (start time 01:00:59)

AI Summary

• [01:01:07] Parallels Between ME/CFS and Long COVID
  Dr. Susan Levine begins by highlighting the significant parallels between ME/CFS and Long COVID. She suggests that the emergence of Long COVID is a "silver lining" as it allows scientists to study the pathophysiology of these similar post-viral conditions much closer to the onset of the illness, which can accelerate understanding and the development of treatments.
• [01:01:52] Novel Treatment: Rapamycin
  The first novel treatment discussed is rapamycin. Its mechanism is linked to the autophagy protein ATG13. In mouse models, a deficiency in this gene leads to severe fatigue after exertion. Rapamycin works to enhance the production of this protein, suggesting it may help alleviate fatigue in patients with ME/CFS and Long COVID.
• [01:02:30] Novel Treatment: Plasmalogens
  Dr. Levine introduces plasmalogens, which are specialized lipids found to be depleted in patients with ME/CFS and Long COVID, as well as in other conditions like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, and normal aging. Her research group has previously published on diminished numbers of peroxisomes—the cell organelles that produce plasmalogens. This makes plasmalogen supplementation a well-tolerated and potentially helpful area of treatment.
• [01:03:39] Novel Treatment: Low Dose Naltrexone (LDN)
  Low Dose Naltrexone (LDN) is presented as another promising treatment. It is thought to work by reducing neuroinflammation through the blockade of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on microglial cells. Additionally, LDN may modulate the immune system and increase the production of endorphins, which can help with pain, mood, and overall well-being.
• [01:05:07] Novel Treatment: Efgartigimod
  Efgartigimod, a treatment approved for myasthenia gravis, is discussed as a potential therapy for Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), a common comorbidity in ME/CFS and Long COVID. The drug works by lowering the levels of pathogenic IgG antibodies. Since these antibodies are implicated in autoimmune processes in POTS, a clinical trial is underway to test its efficacy for this condition.
• [01:06:50] Complementary Therapy: Yoga for Sympathetic Output
  In addition to medications, Dr. Levine mentions the helpfulness of specific yoga poses (asanas) in managing symptoms. She recommends poses like Legs-Up-the-Wall Pose (Viparita Karani) and Corpse Pose (Savasana), which are designed to reduce excess sympathetic nervous system output. These gentle, restorative practices can help calm the "fight or flight" response common in patients with ME/CFS.
• [Lost Connection to Presenter]

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Pediatric ME/CFS and Long COVID: Clinical Care Models and Diagnostic Gaps​

Speaker: Danilo Buonsenso


Link to video (start time 01:18:44)

AI Summary

• [01:19:24] Introduction and Clinical Position
  Dr. Danilo Buonsenso frames pediatric ME/CFS and Long COVID as conditions falling under the same umbrella of post-viral syndromes, deserving equal access to care and research. He asserts his clinical stance that these are severe, organic diseases, not psychological, and that medical inaction in the face of suffering can be a form of harm.
• [01:21:55] Justification for Off-Label Treatments
  Dr. Buonsenso argues for the necessity of using off-label treatments for severe cases of pediatric Long COVID and ME/CFS. He draws a parallel to other areas of medicine, like oncology or severe infections, where off-label use is standard practice when no approved therapies exist. He emphasizes that in pediatrics, many treatments are already used off-label, and waiting for perfect evidence while a child suffers is not an ethical option.
• [01:24:05] Current State of Knowledge on Pediatric Long COVID
  He states that the medical community is past the point of debating whether Long COVID exists in children; it is a globally recognized condition affecting millions. Current research has moved beyond epidemiology to uncover clear biological markers, including a chronic inflammatory signature and endothelial cell activation, even in young patients.
• [01:24:58] Pathophysiological Hallmarks
  The presentation outlines several key pathophysiological mechanisms now understood to drive pediatric Long COVID. These include viral persistence (often in the gut), microbiome dysbiosis, autoimmunity (presence of autoantibodies against various tissues), endothelial dysfunction and microclots, mitochondrial dysfunction leading to an energy crisis, and neurological issues such as vagus nerve dysfunction and small fiber neuropathy.
• [01:31:07] Proposed Clinical Care Model
  A multidisciplinary and personalized care model is proposed. It starts with a comprehensive assessment to screen for organ damage and identify the dominant pathophysiological traits in the individual child. Treatment is then tailored to target these specific issues, creating a personalized medicine approach. This might include antivirals, anticoagulants, immunomodulators (like IVIG), or supplements to support mitochondrial function.
• [01:36:20] Case Studies
  Dr. Buonsenso shares compelling case studies of severely ill children who experienced significant, life-changing recoveries following personalized, off-label treatment protocols. For example, a 12-year-old girl who was bedbound and tube-fed showed remarkable improvement and a return to normal life after receiving a combination of antivirals, anticoagulants, and other targeted therapies. These cases serve to illustrate the potential of the proposed care model.

 

[Chandelier]

Severe ME/CFS UK Cohort: Findings and Implications for Care​

Speaker: Caroline Kingdon


Link to video (start time 02:33:54)

AI Summary

• [02:33:55] Researcher's Experience with Severe ME/CFS
  Caroline Kingdon shares her unique perspective, gained from visiting and studying people with severe and very severe ME/CFS in their homes over many years. She emphasizes that these patients are often invisible, housebound, and alienated from healthcare services, social networks, and even their own families. She notes that the illness is rarely improving, and often worsens over time.
• [02:36:28] Impact on Quality of Life (SF-36)
  Using data from the SF-36 health survey, the speaker illustrates the devastating impact of ME/CFS on physical functioning. The results show that people with ME/CFS have a significantly lower physical quality of life compared to patients with multiple sclerosis or cancer. Conversely, their mental health scores are much closer to those of healthy controls, providing strong evidence that ME/CFS is a physical, not a primary psychiatric, illness.
• [02:38:37] Symptoms and Challenges of Severe ME/CFS
  The presentation details the extreme symptoms experienced by the severely ill, which go far beyond fatigue. These include profound light and noise sensitivity (requiring blackout blinds and silence), cognitive dysfunction ("brain fog"), debilitating pain, digestive problems, and an inability to communicate. Some patients are unable to speak or even tolerate the presence of another person in the room.
• [02:45:51] Implications for Care and Health Systems
  Kingdon outlines critical implications for healthcare systems. There is a desperate need for specialist domiciliary services, meaning clinicians must visit patients at home. She calls for better education for all healthcare professionals, flexible and accommodating appointment scheduling, and a designated single point of contact to help patients navigate the complex health system. Above all, she stresses the fundamental importance of believing the patient.
• [02:51:24] The UK ME/CFS Biobank and Future Research
  The talk highlights the UK ME/CFS Biobank, a crucial research resource that collects biological samples from patients, including the severely affected, through home visits. This enables vital biomedical research. The speaker concludes with a call for innovative thinking and new research models to tackle the disease, emphasizing the need to move beyond traditional methods to meet the profound challenges posed by severe ME/CFS.

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Considerations and Challenges on Delivery of Care for ME/CFS and Long COVID (Portuguese)​

Speaker: Luis Nacul


Link to video (start time 02:59:09)

AI Summary

• [02:59:44] Introduction: The Scale of the Problem
  Dr. Luis Nacul begins by positioning ME/CFS and Long COVID as major global public health crises. He highlights the vast number of people affected, which translates into significant disability and a substantial economic and societal burden. He underscores the urgent need for effective healthcare responses to manage this growing problem.
• [03:02:18] Challenges in Diagnosis and Recognition
  This section addresses the immense difficulties in diagnosing ME/CFS. Key challenges include the absence of a biomarker, the heterogeneous nature of the illness (with varying symptoms), and a long history of skepticism and trivialization from parts of the medical community. These factors often lead to extremely long diagnostic delays, leaving patients without validation or care for years.
• [03:07:05] Delivery of Care: Gaps and Needs
  Dr. Nacul outlines the significant gaps in the current delivery of care for ME/CFS patients. There is a profound lack of specialized services and a widespread deficit in professional knowledge about the disease. He points to a disconnect between primary care and specialists, which results in fragmented and inadequate care. The central need is for integrated, multidisciplinary care teams that can manage the complex symptoms of the illness.
• [03:13:30] Proposed Model for Care
  A comprehensive model for care is proposed, starting with early and accurate diagnosis. This model is patient-centered, with a strong emphasis on management strategies like pacing to avoid post-exertional malaise (PEM). It also calls for robust education programs for both patients and healthcare professionals and the development of a structured network of services, from primary care clinics to tertiary referral centers.
• [03:17:47] Research to Inform Care
  The presentation concludes by emphasizing the critical role of research in improving clinical care. Dr. Nacul highlights the importance of resources like the UK ME/CFS Biobank for enabling biomedical research. He stresses that for care to evolve, there must be a seamless pathway for translating research findings from the laboratory into tangible clinical practice, ultimately benefiting patients.

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DecodeME: Genetic Studies Findings​

Speaker: Chris Ponting


Link to video (start time 03:41:40)

AI Summary

• [03:42:06] Introduction to DecodeME
  Professor Chris Ponting introduces DecodeME, the world's largest genetic study of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). He emphasizes that the project is a unique partnership, co-led by scientists, people with ME/CFS, and caregivers. The primary goal is to analyze DNA from thousands of individuals to identify genetic variants that may increase the risk of developing the illness.
• [03:44:17] Study Design and Recruitment
  The talk details the innovative design of the study, which recruited over 27,000 participants from across the UK via online platforms and social media. Participants filled out a detailed questionnaire based on established diagnostic criteria (such as Canadian Consensus and IOM criteria) to confirm their diagnosis and symptoms. This large, well-defined cohort provides the statistical power needed to detect genetic signals.
• [03:48:02] First Major Genetic Finding
  The presentation announces a landmark discovery: the first-ever robustly associated DNA variant for ME/CFS. This genetic variant is located within a gene called OAS1. The finding is highly statistically significant, meaning it is extremely unlikely to have occurred by chance, and provides a concrete biological clue to the disease's origins.
• [03:50:31] Implications of the OAS1 Finding
  Professor Ponting explains the function of the OAS1 gene, which plays a key role in the innate immune system's defense against viruses. This discovery strongly supports the hypothesis that ME/CFS is often triggered by an infection and that dysregulation in the immune response is a central part of its pathophysiology. This genetic evidence helps to finally dispel the outdated and harmful notion that ME/CFS is a psychological condition.
• [03:54:12] Future Directions
  The talk concludes by outlining the next steps for DecodeME and ME/CFS genetics research. The team will continue to analyze the data to find more genetic risk factors. These genetic findings will then be used to investigate the specific molecular mechanisms of the disease, with the ultimate goal of identifying pathways that can be targeted by new drugs and treatments.

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Early Career Panel​

Speaker:
João Malato, “Why ME/CFS research is statistically challenging,” Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular
Medicine
Johanna Squires, “Investigating ME/CFS and Long COVID Pathophysiology through iCPET and
Autonomic Function Testing” Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston
Massimo Nunes, A Dysregulated Coagulation System in ME/CFS: A Consequence of Endothelial
Dysfunction, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa
Gustavo Couto, "SARS-CoV-2 long-term impact on myocardial reverse remodeling following aortic valve
replacement," Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto


Link to video (start time 04:02:18)

AI Summary

• [04:06:10] Motivations for Studying ME/CFS
  The early-career researchers on the panel share their reasons for entering the field of ME/CFS research. A common thread is the combination of a fascinating scientific puzzle and the immense, unmet need of the patient population. Several panelists were drawn to the field by the complexity of the disease, while others have personal connections or were motivated by a desire to bring new energy and ideas to a historically neglected area of medicine.
• [04:12:30] Research Projects and Preliminary Findings
  Each panelist provides a brief overview of their current research. The projects span a wide range of biological systems, reflecting the multi-system nature of ME/CFS. Topics discussed include immune cell metabolism and dysfunction, the role of autoantibodies and B-cells in driving symptoms, the analysis of extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers, and investigations into how infections like Epstein-Barr virus can trigger the onset of the disease.
• [04:25:50] Challenges for Early Career Researchers
  The discussion turns to the significant challenges faced by young scientists in this field. The most prominent issue is the severe lack of funding for ME/CFS research compared to other diseases with a similar burden. This scarcity makes it difficult to establish a stable research career. Other challenges include the practical difficulties of working with a patient population that is often too ill to participate in studies and the lack of established mentorship pathways.

 

[Chandelier]

Patient Advocacy Panel​

Speaker:
Sian Leary, PPI Coordinator for PRIME (ME research infrastructure)
Leticia Soares, Biologist, Co-Director of the Patient-Led Research Collaborative
Malena Marafatti, Aliança Millions Missing and Vozes EMSFC, Coordinator of Support Groups (Portugal
and Brazil)
Moderators: Joan Serra Hoffman, co-director Aliança Millions Missing, Portugal


Link to video (start time 04:46:11)

AI Summary

• [04:49:05] The Role of Patient Advocacy
  The panelists, representing patient organizations from different countries, define the multifaceted role of patient advocacy in the ME/CFS community. Their work involves raising public awareness to combat stigma, lobbying governments for increased research funding, and demanding better medical education. A key function is also to provide support and information to a patient community that is often isolated and dismissed by the healthcare system.
• [04:55:20] Key Successes and Ongoing Battles
  Advocates share some of their major successes, such as the instrumental role patients played in the conception and execution of the DecodeME genetic study and the successful campaign to have the NICE guidelines in the UK changed to remove recommendations for Graded Exercise Therapy (GET). However, they also highlight the ongoing battles against medical disbelief, the fight for social security benefits for patients, and the constant struggle for research funding.
• [05:03:10] The Impact of Long COVID on ME/CFS Advocacy
  The panel discusses the dual impact of the Long COVID pandemic. On one hand, it has brought unprecedented attention and scientific interest to post-viral illnesses, which has been beneficial for ME/CFS. On the other hand, there is a tangible concern that the much larger Long COVID patient group might absorb the limited resources and attention, leaving the "pre-COVID" ME/CFS community behind. Advocates stress the importance of ensuring that ME/CFS is included in all Long COVID research and policy initiatives.
• [05:10:45] A Call to Action for Collaboration
  The panel concludes with a powerful and unified call to action. They urge patients, scientists, clinicians, and policymakers to break down silos and work together on an international scale. The message is that progress will only come through coordinated efforts in research, clinical care, and political lobbying. They emphasize that the patient voice must be at the center of this collaboration to ensure that research and healthcare developments truly meet the needs of those living with the disease.

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Open Medicine Foundation (OMF)​

Speaker: Linda Tannenbaum


Link to video (start time 05:17:35)

AI Summary

• [05:18:00] Introduction to the Open Medicine Foundation
  Linda Tannenbaum, the founder and CEO of the Open Medicine Foundation (OMF), introduces the organization's mission: to fund and accelerate research into ME/CFS, Long COVID, and related multi-system chronic complex diseases. She shares her personal motivation, explaining that her daughter has been suffering from ME/CFS for many years, which drives her urgent commitment to finding a cure.
• [05:20:15] OMF's Collaborative Research Model
  The presentation outlines OMF's unique research model, which is built on the principles of collaboration and open science. OMF funds and directs several major research centers at world-leading institutions like Stanford, Harvard, and Uppsala University. This network of scientists is required to work together, share data openly and quickly, and avoid the silos that can slow down scientific progress.
• [05:23:40] Key Research Initiatives and Findings
  Tannenbaum highlights some of the key research areas and discoveries funded by OMF. This includes pioneering work by Dr. Ron Davis on the "metabolic trap" hypothesis, which suggests ME/CFS is a distinct metabolic state. Other significant projects include studies on neuroinflammation, the discovery of red blood cell deformability issues that could impair oxygen delivery, and the ongoing, intensive search for diagnostic biomarkers.
• [05:28:10] The Ramsay Award Program
  The Ramsay Grant Program is presented as a vital part of OMF's strategy. Named after Dr. Melvin Ramsay, a pioneer in ME/CFS, this program provides seed funding for innovative, high-risk/high-reward pilot studies. The goal is to attract new researchers to the field and allow them to test novel ideas that might not receive funding from traditional sources. Successful Ramsay projects can then be scaled up for larger studies.
• [05:32:00] Future Vision and Fundraising
  In conclusion, Linda Tannenbaum shares OMF's vision for a future with a definitive diagnostic test, effective treatments, and ultimately, a cure. She makes a passionate appeal for continued support, emphasizing that all of OMF's research is funded by donations from patients, their families, and the wider community. She underscores that this community-driven funding is what powers the urgent search for answers.

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Panel Discussion: Strengthening International Cooperation in ME/CFS and Long COVID​

Speaker:
Michael Baum, Executive Director responsible for Science and Technology, FLAD
Emily Taylor, Executive Director of Solve M.E.
Moderator: António Vaz Carneiro, Executive Director ISBE, Faculty of Medicine University of Lisbon


Link to video (start time 05:39:27)

AI Summary

• [05:42:30] Current State of International Collaboration
  The panel, composed of leading international researchers and clinicians, evaluates the current state of global collaboration in ME/CFS and Long COVID research. They acknowledge existing successful networks like EUROMENE (the European ME Network) and cross-country projects. However, the consensus is that the overall research effort remains too fragmented, with many research groups working in isolation, which duplicates effort and slows progress.
• [05:48:00] Barriers to Cooperation
  The discussion identifies several major barriers to effective international cooperation. A primary obstacle is the intense competition for extremely limited research funding, which can disincentivize collaboration. Other significant hurdles include the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria and data collection methods across countries, making it difficult to compare or combine datasets. Furthermore, administrative and legal red tape often complicates the sharing of biological samples and data across borders.
• [05:55:10] Strategies for Improvement
  The panelists propose concrete strategies to overcome these barriers. A key suggestion is the creation of a global patient registry and the establishment of "common data elements"—a standardized set of data to be collected from every patient, regardless of location. They also call for funding bodies to specifically support international networks and for researchers to better leverage virtual tools to facilitate more frequent and low-cost collaboration.
• [06:03:00] Concluding Remarks and Vision for the Future
  In their concluding thoughts, the panelists share a unified vision for the future. They call for a large-scale, globally coordinated research initiative, akin to what was seen for HIV/AIDS or the Human Genome Project. This would involve a federated network of biobanks, standardized data, and a collaborative, non-competitive ethos. The panel agrees that only through this level of massive, international, and well-funded teamwork can the community hope to achieve rapid breakthroughs in diagnostics and treatments for ME/CFS and Long COVID.

 

[SNT Gatchaman]

I just watched Caroline Kingdon's talk at 2h 34m (linked as the audio picks back up after the first 3 min). A very good description of her insights, working with severe patients in a research capacity. Thank you Caroline.

Rob Wüst enquires at the end about the feasibility of muscle biopsy (vs blood draw) in severe / homebound ± bedbound patients. Personally I think we could gain very useful information from muscle biopsies in the more severely affected and would encourage Rob to pursue even a limited sample of 5-10. I would expect sufficient volunteers and I suspect that even a pilot sample would show stark differences compared to the deconditioned controls and the patients capable of CPET on the prior studies [1] [2].

 

[Chandelier]

Here are the start times for the presentations of the second day:

Title	Presenters	Start Time
Using fMRI and PET Imaging to Study Neuroinflammation in ME/CFS	Michael VanElzakker Tufts University	00:06:20
Targeted Research: Autoantibody Treatments for ME/CFS and Long COVID	Carmen Scheibenbogen Institute of Medical Immunology at the Charity University of Medicine in Berlin, Germany	00:34:22
Comparative Analysis of Pre-Pandemic ME/CFS and Long COVID Cohorts: Phenotyping Insights and the Sipavibart Monoclonal Antibody Trial	Nancy Klimas Institute for Neuro Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University	01:03:20
Microcirculation, Microclots in PASC and ME/CFS	Resia Pretorius Stellenbosch University, South Africa	02:26:20
Block 2: Panel Q & A and Discussion	Moderator: Luis Graga, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon. GlMM Foundation - Institute Gulbenkian for Molecular Medicine Michael VanElzakker Nancy Klimas Resia Pretorius	02:58:50
Microvascular and Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Skeletal Muscle in ME/SFC and Long COVID	Rob Wüst Assistant-professor at the Department of Human Movement Sciences at the VU University Amsterdam	03:28:52
Using a 2-day CPET Protocol for Evidence of Impairment in Fatiguing Illnesses	Betsy Keller PhD Department of Exercise Science and Athletic Training: Ithaca College, NY	05:35:24
Block 3: Panel Q & A and Discussion	Moderator: Filipe Froes, Public Health National Council, Portugal and Advisory Committee on Public Health Emergencies, European Commission Rob Wüst Betsy Keller	06:02:35
Neurovascular dysrcgulation, Preload Failure, Mitochondrial Dysfunction	David Systrom Dyspnea Center & Advanced Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Program, BWH; Harvard Medical School	06:14:47
Subclassifying Long COVID through Exercise Testing	Joao Carlos Winck Pulmonology Unit, CUF Porto Institute and Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto	06:39:23
Evaluation of the Effect of Pyridostigmine on Long COVID: Results of a Brazilian Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Study	Rudolf Oliveira Department of Medicine at the Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP) in Sao Paulo, Brazil	07:00:22
Long COVID and Pulmonary Hypertension and Other Suspected Cardiopulmonary Co-morbidities	Aaron Waxman Director of Pulmonary Vascular Disease Croup BWH; Harvard Medical School	07:33:48
Block 4: Panel Q&A and Discussion Moderator:	Filipe Froes, Public Health National Council, Portugal and Advisory Committee on Public Health Emergencies, European Commission Aaron Waxman Joao Carlos Winck Rudolf Oliveira David Systrom	08:02:52

Edit: For some reason YouTube hasn't produced a transcript for day 2 so I attach mine for future reference.

 

[SNT Gatchaman]

Has anyone spotted if the posters are available online?