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Effects of short-chain fatty acids on intestinal function in an enteroid model of hypoxia 2022 Pearce et al

Discussion in 'Other health news and research' started by Andy, Dec 23, 2022.

  1. Andy

    Andy Committee Member

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    Location:
    Hampshire, UK
    The healthy GI tract is physiologically hypoxic, but this may be perturbed by certain acute and chronic stressors that reduce oxygen availability systemically. Short-chain fatty acids have been shown to have beneficial effects on intestinal barrier function and inflammation. Therefore, our objective was to see whether short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) would improve GI barrier function, reduce production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increase the expression of genes regulating GI barrier function in enteroids exposed to hypoxia.

    Human duodenal enteroid monolayers were placed under hypoxia (1.0% O2) for 72 h with either 24, or 48 h pre-treatment with a high acetate ratio of SCFA’s or high butyrate ratio or placed under hypoxia concurrently. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) increased with SCFA pre-treatment, especially 48 h of pre-treatment and this was maintained through the first 48 h of hypoxia while cells saw barrier function dramatically decrease by 72 h of hypoxia exposure. Inflammatory protein secretion largely decreased with exposure to hypoxia, regardless of SCFA pre-treatment. Gene expression of several genes related to barrier function were decreased with exposure to hypoxia, and with concurrent and 24 h SCFA pre-treatment. However, 48 h SCFA pre-treatment with a high butyrate ratio increased expression of several metabolic and differentiation related genes.

    Overall, pre-treatment or concurrent treatment with SCFA mixtures were not able to overcome the negative impacts of hypoxia on intestinal function and cells ultimately still cannot be sustained under hypoxia for 72 h. However, 48 h pre-treatment maintains TEER for up to 48 h of hypoxia while upregulating several metabolic genes.

    Open access, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1056233/full
     
    Peter Trewhitt, Lisa108 and Trish like this.
  2. Midnattsol

    Midnattsol Moderator Staff Member

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    Hm, this is somewhat similar to vitamin D. Pre-treating cells with vitamin D before exposing them to something that decrease barrier function makes them better able to resist the damaging effects. (NB, don't think I've seen studies using relevant concentrations of vitamin D and/or barrier disruptors in these kind of studies, and obviously the gut is much more complex than just the cell wall + one disrupting and one protecting factor)

    But how much of SCFA is the duodenum exposed to, with it mostly being produced in the large intestine. Sure there is some in the diet itself but..
     
    alktipping, Peter Trewhitt and Trish like this.

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