Background
The 2010 census estimated that 3.6 million Americans use a wheeled mobility device, such as a manual wheelchair, motorized wheelchair, or scooter. This number is projected to be
four times higher by 2020. Individuals who use wheeled mobility devices
often experience poorer health outcomes compared to the general population. There are some distinct health challenges related to the physical effects of long-term wheelchair use, such as shoulder overuse injuries, skin breakdown, and urinary tract disorders. Wheelchair users may also encounter
barriers to accessing preventive health care and getting sufficient physical activity.
Physical activity is likely to have wide-ranging impacts on the overall health of people who use wheeled mobility devices. Previously studied outcomes of physical activity interventions include
balance,
falls,
transfers,
self-efficacy in self-ambulation,
depression,
physical fitness, and
cardiovascular health. Interventions to increase physical activity could also play a role in improving the preventive health care of people who rely on wheeled mobility devices, as well as increasing their workforce participation, independence, and quality of life.
The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans highlight the need for increased physical activity in the population living with disability and recommend a mix of strength training and aerobic exercise to promote wellness and prevent disease. However, both the
first and
second editions of the Guidelines have emphasized the need for more research to identify safe and effective types and doses of exercise.
