spike protein

Sustained Vascular Inflammatory Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein on Human Endothelial Cells Gultom, Mitra; Lin, Lin; Brandt, Camilla Blunk; Milusev, Anastasia; Despont, Alain; Shaw, Jane; Döring, Yvonne; Luo, Yonglun; Rieben, Robert Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2...

Autoantibodies Targeting G-Protein-Coupled Receptors and RAS-Related Molecules in Post-Acute COVID Vaccination Syndrome: A Retrospective Case Series Study Mauro Mantovani, Paolo Bellavite, Serafino Fazio, Giuseppe Di Fede, Marco Tomasi, Daniele Belli, Elisabetta Zanolin Background/Objectives...

Long-term serum spike protein persistence but no correlation with post-COVID syndrome Annick Fehrer; Franziska Sotzny; Friederike Hoheisel; Elisa Stein; Laura Kim; Claudia Kedor; Helma Freitag; Cornelia Heindrich; Sandra Bauer; Rebekka Rust; Martina Seifert; Patricia Grabowski; Nina Babel...

Whole-body visualization of SARS-CoV-2 biodistribution in vivo by immunoPET imaging in non-human primates Thibaut Naninck; Alexandra Detrille; Steve Huvelle; Marit J. van Gils; Tatiana Geara; Quentin Pascal; Jonne Snitselaar; Laetitia Bossevot; Mariangela Cavarelli; Nathalie Bosquet; Francis...

Long COVID elevated MMP-9 and release from microglia by SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein Duraisamy Kempuraj; Irene Tsilioni; Kristina K. Aenlle; Nancy G. Klimas; Theoharis C. Theoharides OBJECTIVES Long COVID is a major health concern because many patients develop chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms, but...

Abstract Evidence linking the endothelium to cardiac injury in long coronavirus disease (COVID) is well documented, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we show that cytokines released by endothelial cells (ECs) contribute to long-COVID-associated cardiac dysfunction. Using...

Inhibition of HIF-2α Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Endothelial Dysfunction in Post-COVID Syndrome Andrea Ribeiro; Timon Kuchler; Maciej Lech; Javier Carbajo-Lozoya; Kristina Adorjan; Hans Christian Stubbe; Martina Seifert; Anna Wöhnle; Veronika Kesseler; Johanna Negele; Uwe...

Abstract Life-threatening thrombotic events and neurological symptoms are prevalent in COVID-19 and are persistent in patients with long COVID experiencing post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection1,2,3,4. Despite the clinical evidence1,5,6,7, the underlying mechanisms of coagulopathy in...

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SARS-2-S) induced cell–cell fusion in uninfected cells may occur in long COVID-19 syndrome, as circulating SARS-2-S or extracellular vesicles containing SARS-2-S (S-EVs) were found to be prevalent in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) for up to 12 months...

SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit produces a protracted priming of the neuroinflammatory, physiological, and behavioral responses to a remote immune challenge: A role for corticosteroids Frank; Ball; Hopkins; Kelley; Kuzma; Thompson; Fleshner; Maier Long COVID is a major public health consequence of...

Abstract SARS-CoV-2-contributes to sickness and death in COVID-19 patients partly by inducing a hyper-proinflammatory immune response in the host airway. This hyper-proinflammatory state involves activation of signaling by NFκB, and unexpectedly, ENaC, the epithelial sodium channel...

Altered spike IgG Fc N-linked glycans are associated with hyperinflammatory state in adult COVID and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Jacob D. Sherman; Vinit Karmali; Bhoj Kumar; Trevor W. Simon; Sarah Bechnak; Anusha Panjwani; Caroline R. Ciric; Dongli Wang; Chris Huerta; Brandi...

Preferential and sustained platelet activation in COVID-19 survivors with mental disorders Maugeri, Norma; De Lorenzo, Rebecca; Mazza, Mario Gennaro; Palladini, Mariagrazia; Ciceri, Fabio; Rovere-Querini, Patrizia; Manfredi, Angelo A.; Benedetti, Francesco Pre-existing mental disorders are...

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein potentiates platelet aggregation via upregulating integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling pathway Wang, Ruijie; Tian, Zezhong; Zhu, Meiyan; Zhang, Bingying; Li, Yanzhang; Zheng, Yiqi; Mao, Yuheng; Zhao, Yimin; Yang, Yan Platelet hyperreactivity is one of the crucial causes...

Impact of Circulating Anti-Spike Protein Antibody Levels on Multi-Organ Long COVID Symptoms Hamzaraj, Kevin; Han, Emilie; Hasimbegovic, Ena; Poschenreiter, Laura; Vavrikova, Anja; Lukovic, Dominika; Kastrati, Lisbona; Bergler-Klein, Jutta; Gyöngyösi, Mariann Patients with long COVID syndrome...

TLR2/4 are novel activating receptors for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on NK cells Landolina, Nadine; Ricci, Biancamaria; Veneziani, Irene; Alicata, Claudia; Mariotti, Francesca Romana; Pelosi, Andrea; Quatrini, Linda; Mortari, Eva Piano; Carsetti, Rita; Vacca, Paola; Tumino, Nicola; Azzarone...

Reduction of hemagglutination induced by a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein fragment using an amyloid-binding benzothiazole amphiphile Li, Meihan; Castro Lingl, Sascha; Yang, Jerry COVID-19 infection is associated with a variety of vascular occlusive morbidities. However, a comprehensive understanding...

CROI - Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections At this years CROI conference there were some presentations on Long-COVID (videos can be found at https://www.croiwebcasts.org/portal/ by using search terms such as "Long-Covid" or "post-acute"). There were also presentations of...

Mast cell activation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 causes inflammation in brain microvascular endothelial cells and microglia Wu, Meng-Li; Xie, Chengzuo; Li, Xin; Sun, Jing; Zhao, Jincun; Wang, Jian-Hua SARS-CoV-2-induced excessive inflammation in brain leads to damage of blood-brain barrier...

The S1 subunits of SARS-CoV-2 variants differentially trigger the IL-6 signaling pathway in human brain endothelial cells and downstream impact on microglia activation Michael Stangis; Daniel Adesse; Bhavya Sharma; Eduardo Castro; Kush Kumar; Neil Kumar; Masha Minevich; Michal Toborek...