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Long COVID is associated with lower percentages of mature, cytotoxic NK cell phenotypes, 2024, Tsao et al.

Discussion in 'Long Covid research' started by SNT Gatchaman, Dec 18, 2024.

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  1. SNT Gatchaman

    SNT Gatchaman Senior Member (Voting Rights) Staff Member

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    Long COVID is associated with lower percentages of mature, cytotoxic NK cell phenotypes
    Tasha Tsao; Amanda M. Buck; Lilian Grimbert; Brian H. LaFranchi; Belen Altamirano Poblano; Emily A. Fehrman; Thomas Dalhuisen; Priscilla Y. Hsue; J. Daniel Kelly; Jeffrey N. Martin; Steven G. Deeks; Peter W. Hunt; Michael J. Peluso; Oscar A. Aguilar; Timothy J. Henrich

    No abstract.


    Link | PDF (The Journal of Clinical Investigation) [Open Access]
     
    SNT Gatchaman, Dec 18, 2024
    #1
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  2. Yann04

    Yann04 Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    This matches previous findings in ME/CFS of lower than normal NK cell cytotoxicity.

    Also random but it would be a cool feature to be able to add tags to someone else’s post. In this case would it be possible to add “cytotoxic” as a tag? cheers.
     
    Yann04, Dec 18, 2024
    #2
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  3. forestglip

    forestglip Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    forestglip, Dec 18, 2024
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  4. SNT Gatchaman

    SNT Gatchaman Senior Member (Voting Rights) Staff Member

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    Done.
     
    SNT Gatchaman, Dec 18, 2024
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  5. Yann04

    Yann04 Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    That’s possible, I’m not familiar with how “cytotoxicity” is measured, is it in relation to a single cell (or an average thereof)? If yes, then you are correct.

    Though I would guess a lower number of cytotoxic NK cells would correlate with an average of lower cytotoxicity among NK cells.
     
    Yann04, Dec 18, 2024
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  6. forestglip

    forestglip Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Not really sure, hard to understand their description of measuring cytotoxicity in the meta analysis.

    Why would you think that? I can see the possibility that with fewer NK cells, cytotoxicity of each one might be upregulated to compensate.
     
    forestglip, Dec 18, 2024
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  7. Yann04

    Yann04 Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    That’s a good point!

    I’m basing this on no immune knowledge at all, but I was under the impression that cytotoxic NK cells were the ones who mainly produced cytotoxicity as opposed to other types, but yes I had not considered other types may still produce it or adapt. The body is a lot more complex than the models brainfoggy yann can come up with. :laugh:
     
    Yann04, Dec 18, 2024
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  8. Hutan

    Hutan Moderator Staff Member

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    An odd definition of severity, not related to impact on function, only number of symptoms.

    It doesn't sound as though the control group was well matched on sex. It's possible that what is reported here is just the result of sex differences.
    Figure 1B is difficult to interpret, but I think the presence of any LC symptom qualifies a person to be in the LC group, so around 47% of the combined male participants had LC and 72% of the combined female participants had LC. That suggests that the majority of controls were men, while the majority of the LC group were female.


    Screen Shot 2024-12-28 at 8.22.27 am.png
     
    Hutan, Dec 27, 2024
    #8
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  9. forestglip

    forestglip Senior Member (Voting Rights)

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    Screenshot_20241227-151345.png

    They found this correlation too, though sex may play a role:
    Screenshot_20241227-151642.png

    Tim Henrich also discussed this finding at the PolyBio symposium.
     
    forestglip, Dec 27, 2024
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  10. Hutan

    Hutan Moderator Staff Member

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    Screen Shot 2024-12-28 at 9.28.17 am.png

    Thanks @forestglip. Chart 1k confirms what I had calculated: 9/14 fully recovered people were men (64%); 8/21 LC were men (38%).

    The finding is a bit interesting, but the sample sizes are too small and the definition of LC too loose to say much. Only 5 fully recovered women, and the percentages of mature NK cells as shown in Figure 1k overlap a lot.
     
    Hutan, Dec 27, 2024
    #10
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