Hassles in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and healthy individuals: Factor Analysis and Effects on Psychological and Physical Well-being, Flynn & Smith

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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/399582050_Hassles_in_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_CFS_and_Healthy_individuals_Factor_Analysis_and_Effects_on_Psychological_and_Physical_Well-being

In: “The ones that got away.” Volume 1. Stress and Social Support. Edited by Andrew P Smith.

Chapter Five: Hassles in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and healthy individuals: Factor Analysis and Effects on Psychological and Physical Well-being.
Robert Flynn* & Andrew P Smith
Centre for Occupational and Health Psychology, Cardiff University
E-mail: smithap@cardiff.ac.uk
*deceased

Aims

Hassles have become an area of research within the stress paradigm. Minor irritations may account for symptom lability in patients with CFS. Several areas could be addressed in any examination of the hassles experienced by CFS sufferers. The first was to focus on the most frequently endorsed hassles. Their use assumes they are minor irritations that should not be chronic but rather oscillate. The longitudinal methodology used in this study enabled examination of this. If hassles were minor, fluctuating irritants, one would expect to see differences in the items endorsed over time. Conversely, if hassles are not irregular occurrences, then the core hassles would be supported across administrations. In addition, there should be strong monthly correlations in the hassle measures.
A related issue was another group's report on the extent to which hassles are experienced in one population. For example, are the hassles encountered in CFS different from those experienced in other matched populations? This issue was addressed by referencing the literature and comparing two samples: students a month before examinations and a community sample.
As with the Interpersonal Self Evaluation List (ISEL) and health measures used in this thesis, factor analysis was performed on the Hassles Scale. The factors generated are discussed in relation to previous factor analyses and the relative merits of using derived factors versus the total scale.
There has been some speculation that the measurement of perceived stress may be contaminated by symptomatology (Lazarus, Delangis, Folkman, and Gruen 1985). A more objective measure of stress (hassles) enabled tests of the main effects of social support. Finally, the relationship between hassles and symptoms in CFS was explored. To what extent do hassles influence symptoms? Significantly, which measure of hassles predicts symptoms? Multivariate analysis examined the predictive value of hassles on psychological and physical well-being. Finally, demographic and psychological variables associated with hassles were examined.

The diary study was longitudinal. This enabled an examination of the effects of psychological resources in this population, both cross-sectionally and prospectively. Regression analyses were performed to identify the combination of factors that predict well-being at six months.
 
Hassles are defined as irritating, distressing demands that characterise everyday interactions.
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Patients with CFS experience a range of hassles. Many of them are related to illness, including 'not enough personal energy' and 'physical illness'. Others are probably related to the illness: 'misplacing or losing things'; 'declining physical abilities'; 'silly practical mistakes'; 'trouble relaxing'; 'trouble making decisions'; 'inability to express oneself'; 'not getting enough rest'; and 'not getting enough sleep' although these are reported in non-ill populations.
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Some hassles would appear to be illness-independent: 'preparing and planning meals'; 'garden or outside home maintenance'; 'shopping'; 'health of a family member'; 'not enough money for clothing'; and 'home maintenance'.
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Surely this can't be from 2025: there isn't a reference newer than 1992. Regardless, to the remaining author: please never attempt to write anything about ME/CFS again.
 
SNT Gatchaman said:
Surely this can't be from 2025: there isn't a reference newer than 1992. Regardless, to the remaining author: please never attempt to write anything about ME/CFS again.
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I don’t think it is from 2025. Not sure whether I put it in or it was a moderator but I’ve taken it out now. One of the authors is deceased which increases the chances it is not new.
 
Words and their meaning, why bother?

So much of the 'research' that goes on in chronic illness is just a worse version of this meme:

Food $200
Data $150
Rent $800
Candles $3,600
Utility $150
someone who is good at the economy please help me budget this. my family is dying


Given how little money is available for research, wasting a single dollar on nonsense like this is at a minimum incompetent mismanagement, and at worst theft. Ultimately this is the main reason to shut down literally everything biopsychosocial and 'pragmatic' evidence-based junk: there is so little money for this, to waste it on such trivial nonsense is insane.
 
Trish said:
I knew I'd come across the word 'hassles' in ME/CFS research before. It was in truly dreadful studies by Friedberg discussed here and here. One of them included the suggestion that watching ducks on a pond might be an upliftiing activity for pwME. Quack Quack.
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Yep the words like that just make me think the point of the ‘research’ is actually to create a charade for what is pushing minimization in a propagandist manifesto

That rewords disability meaning eg someone putting a patient on a noisy ward or the classic cynical person parking further away ‘cos they can walk that far …see!’ Who refuses to acknowledge the consequences health wise that we endure can PR it as ‘just people who throw a tantrum about what others see as a hassle or hiccup’

I see them and it’s not hidden it’s just your classic programming and advertising of bigotry by rumour mongering til enough laypersons have called it hassles they now see the illness differently by then playing with words bring parroted first to change outsiders perception by making them change their words and repeat them.

It’s not far off the writing lines or getting groups in an assembly to repeat mantras and all the rest techniques - start with making them say hassle and then they eventually no longer see with their eyes what’s there to be observed because they’ve had words out in their mouth for it etc
 
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