Review Effects of Physical Exercise on Functional Physical Performance in Individuals With Long COVID: A Systematic Review 2025 Dias et al

Abstract

Purpose:
To analyze the effect of physical exercise on functional parameters in individuals with long coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).

Review Methods:
A search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scielo, and EBSCO was carried out in October 2022, and it was updated in June 2024. For inclusion, studies should have involved physical training without pulmonary rehabilitation, have involved individuals who had long COVID-19, and were prospective trials, clinical trials, or controlled trials. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias. Seven studies were reviewed, three of high methodological quality. Participants with long COVID-19 were hospitalized in two studies. Interventions lasted 2 to 16 weeks, with frequencies of 2 to 7 days per week, often involving resistance exercise. Strength improved in 67% of studies, cardiorespiratory fitness in 50%, and agility/mobility in 60%. Anxiety improved in 25% of studies, while depression improved in 75%. Quality of life improved across all studies, with dyspnea and fatigue improving in 40% and 80%, respectively.

Summary:
Results suggest potential benefits of exercise training for subjects with long COVID-19 in several outcomes, mainly in functional capacity, depression symptoms, quality of life, and fatigue.

Paywall