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Management of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) should be considered the first-line treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome, based on strong evidence for improving health function, quality of life, and physical function. 1
Non-Pharmacological Interventions
First-Line Treatments:
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
- Strong evidence supports CBT for improving function and quality of life 1
- Effective in both clinical trials and naturalistic treatment settings 2
- Studies show medium to large effect sizes (|d| = 0.45-0.91) with 85% of patients reporting improvement 2
- Should focus on:
- Addressing illness-perpetuating factors
- Developing consistent patterns of activity and rest
- Challenging catastrophic interpretations of symptoms
- Mindfulness-Based Therapies
- Demonstrated small to moderate improvements in quality of life 1
- Web-based versions increase accessibility for patients with mobility limitations
Second-Line Approaches:
- Movement-Based Therapies
- Sleep Management
Pharmacological Interventions
For Pain-Predominant Symptoms:
- Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and pregabalin may be considered 1
- NSAIDs should be avoided due to lack of efficacy and potential harm 1
For Fatigue:
- Antidepressants may be considered for fatigue even without depression 1
- Psychostimulants (methylphenidate, modafinil) show limited evidence but may be considered after ruling out other causes of fatigue 4
Not Recommended:
- Stimulants, corticosteroids, antivirals, and antibiotics lack evidence of benefit 1
- Long-term opioid use carries risk of dependence 1
- Supplements (including ginseng and vitamin D) have inconsistent evidence 4
What are the recommended treatments for chronic fatigue syndrome?
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) should be considered the first-line treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome, based on strong evidence for improving health ...
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