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Looks like Nanoneedle technology is still being developed by Ron Davis's teams at Stanford for other purposes. This is a current NIH grant for a cancer project. Title sounds very futuristic. NANONEEDLE MICROROBOTS FOR SINGLE CANCER CELL MANIPULATION AND GENOME EDITING

For reference here is the slide of the Karl Morten muscle cell plasma swap experiment

@Jonathan Edwards Taking @FMMM1 idea further what if you did the Karl Morten oxygen consumption experiment but with no impedance measurement and PBMC's instead of muscle cells. We know the ratio's of plasma, PBMC and salt solution. Start with PBMC + plasma and get a baseline oxygen consumption...

These could be the lead author's published patents, although the first name is different. At least one of them is assigned to Stanford PAT. NO. Title 1 9,926,596 Systems and methods for genetic and biological analysis 2 9,399,217 Chamber free nanoreactor system 3 9,187,783 Systems and...

And here is a MEMS interdigitated sensor with fingers 5um apart. Cells more likely to be measured at these geometries source : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5855898/

Some food for thought. It seems 2019 BGA packaging substrates use 12um line / 12um space technology on flip chip BGA packages for mass production. Here are some images. I imagine something like this would be good to experiment with. This 10um image is about the diameter of a cell. Two cells...

This to me is one of the most interesting questions. I don't understand the ratio of plasma + salt soln to PBMC volume. Perhaps this is why the electrodes are close? Another reason could be that the closer together the electrodes, the higher the current, so background noise is much less. These...

For those wanting to read more about Fluoroquinolones here is a good Nature article from last year about the situation https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-03267-5?fbclid=IwAR0Q7RgVl4Ee-xgpk_lr08qPA5AqTSuQjX7lpuMFWxETs0KrShh-zZ2ApHE

Some of their earlier papers provides analysis at different frequencies. In this paper they comment on the component of real and imaginery components of the impedance and their effects and that the real or in-phase component has the biggest effect. This means that lower frequencies are probably...

@Hip Here is a recent tweet on hashtag popularity

Did you watch Neil McGregors recent talk - you might find it interesting as he retrospectively subtyped 777 patients by Glucose response and came up with 3 subtypes based on response 1. Flat (7%). 2. Truncated (83%). 3. Normal (10%) Link : https://mecfsconference.org.au/videos/neil-mcgregor/

Another suggestion for an experiment. Could cell membrane potential be measured before and after 2-3 hours of salt solution? Patch Clamps can measure membrane potential. The change in impedance observed could be related to the change in potential......... Seems like there are several different...

What is the salt doing? I wonder if this experiment is all about the cellular sodium/potassium pumps and their ability to use ATP to pump. If that is the case there must be other tests that can measure the functioning ability of these pumps, that may not have to rely on the nanoneedle in order...

Cellular sodium pumps seem to be an interesting topic. Anyone know more about them and perhaps relevance to this test? This is an interesting snippet I read I wonder if the above has anything to do with the nerve damage many have that results in small fiber neuropathy as measured by skin...

Good questions @Jonathan Edwards . I would love to learn more about the structure, how many sensors, when to capture a reading from a sensor.... could other structure geometries work better. I posted this yesterday in case you missed it. This previous paper talks more about the nanoneedle...

Karl Morten touched on blood handling issues and quick degradation in his NZ talk. I believe this was in relation to his work to try and validate the Myhill et al ATP profile test Transcript ...

I've only read the paper once, but it seems this test currently requires very custom one-off research equipment, and the test itself takes 3 hours to run, never mind all the before and after prep. So it's a slow, researcher intensive process. The 40 samples tested in the paper had to be tested...

@Jonathan Edwards Regarding "why" take a look at the citations from the author. I suspect someone decided just to try it because they'd worked on nanoneedle technology previously. Citation 38 might be relevant.... Nanoelectronic impedance detection of target cells (Dec 2013) Esfandyarpour et al...

Thanks for the great write-up @Simon M. I'm not sure they say the finding is unique to ME/CFS - you probably meant to write something a little different here.

@Jonathan Edwards This seems to be the experimental setup - measure electrical AC impedance of samples across 30nm electrodes over 3 hours. Samples were tested within 5 hours of collection - I imagine this very much limits sample size. Details from paper : Hope that helps.